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	Recycling Paper – A necessity

Paper is an essential thing in our daily activities and can not be done away with, no matter how far we excel in the technological front. However, many trees are cut for the pulp. To decrease these numbers, used paper is recycled and added to the virgin pulp so that the requirement of virgin pulp is decreased. The concentration of recycled pulp in recycled paper can range from 10 to 100%. Generally, 3 types of paper are taken for recycling. Pre-consumer waste includes things which the consumer was expected to purchase while post-consumer waste includes material used by the consumer. Mill broke is the tern applied to trimmings obtained from the paper mill of virgin pulp.

There are various types of papers which are recycled including newspapers, magazines, notebooks etc. The process involves mainly the same steps. First, the material is made into a pulp by mixing in water and a physical force is used to separate fibers. After pulping, screening is done where a sieve-like substance is passed through the pulp to separate out the larger contaminants. Once this is done, centrifugal cleaning is done in which the denser substances are removed. Henceforth, bubbles of air are passed into the pulp mixture so that the foam thus formed separates the ink from the slurry. The foamy layer is subsequently removed. A mechanical force disperses any residual contaminants and is called as kneading. Once the contaminants are separated, clean water is passed through the slurry by which much smaller contaminants are also washed away. The cleaned pulp slurry is mixed with chemicals to bleach it and obtain the desired color. Peroxides or hydrosulfites are used to make white paper.

Subsequent to bleaching, the same procedure is employed in making recycled paper as is in case of paper from virgin pulp. To save resources, water is cleaned and reused for the next batch of slurry. Even the unused slurry is either buried or used as manure or as landfill. This ensures nearly complete reutilization of resources.

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